It is inappropriate to apply the above identities in these cases since nothing is known about n, x, and y:
>
|
|
>
|
|
>
|
|
However, by making appropriate assumptions on the variables, enough information is provided to correctly apply the identities:
>
|
|
>
|
|
>
|
|
Simplifications involving integer factors:
>
|
|
>
|
|
| (11) |